MONETARY POLICY MEASURES AS INSTRUMENT OF ECONOMIC STABILIZATION IN NIGERIA


MONETARY POLICY MEASURES AS INSTRUMENT OF ECONOMIC STABILIZATION IN NIGERIA

TABLE OF CONTENT 

Cover page

Title page

Approval page

Dedication 

Acknowledgment

Table of contents 

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction 

1.1 Back ground of the study

1.2 Statement of the problem 

1.3 Objective of study

1.4 Research hypothesis 

1.5 Significance of the study

1.6 Scope and limitation of the study 

1.7 Definition of term.

CHAPTER TWO

Literature review

2.1 Definition of monetary policy

2.2 Economic stabilization  

2.3 The major monetary policy instrument utilized by various government in Nigeria 

2.4 Economic monetary objectives

2.5 Analysis of monetary policy objective/ economic indicators 

2.6 Tools for monetary policy

2.7 The limitation of monetary policy in Nigeria 0

CHAPTER THREE  

Research design and methodology

3.1 Research design

3.2 Sources of data

3.3 Data collection method

3.4 Treatment and analysis of data

3.5 Statement of null alternative hypothesis 

CHAPTER FOUR    

Presentation interpretation and analyses of data 

4.1 Data presentation and analysis

4.2 Hypothesis testing and proving 

4.3 Discussion 

CHAPTER FIVE   

Summary of finding conclusion and recommendation 

5.1 Summary of findings

5.2 Recommendation

5.3 Conclusion

Bibliography

Appendix I

Appendix II

Questionnaire    

CHAPTER ONE 

INTRODUCTION 

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 

Monetary policy usually involve the expansion or contraction of money supply the manipulation of interest rates to make borrowing easier and cheaper or more difficult  and deicer depending an prevailing economic condition and challenging of  fund to growth sector for increased output. Monetary policy is an integral part of the overall economic policy that regulate the level of money or liquidity in the economy in order achieve some desired policy objective.

Monetary policy is usually the responsibility of the monetary authorities which comprises the central bank and the federal government.  In Nigeria the central bank exercise primary responsibilities for initiating articulating implementing and appraising such policy the banks proposal are subject to ratification by the federal governments.

Monetary policy  measures are monetary management techniques put in place by the government through the central bank. These measures relay on the control of money stock that is supply of money in order to influence broad economic objective which include price stability high level of employment sustainable economic growth and a balance of payment equilibrium these bread objectives are achieved through the use of appropriate instruments depending on which objective the policy formulates want to achieve and also in the level of development of the economy.

In the application of monetary policy measures as instrument of economic stabilization and instrument of monetary policy are determined by the nature of the problems to the solved and by the environment in  which these problems exist.

There are broadly two categories of these instruments namely indirect or market based and direct instrument indirect instrument are usually used in market based economics where the quantity of money stock can be effected through the relationship between money  supply and reserve money as well s the ability of the monetary authority to influence the creation of reserves. The reserves and money supply can be affected through the following ways:

i. Change in reserves/ deposit ration 

ii. Change in discount rate    

iii. Interest arte change     

iv. Engaging in open market operations (OMO)

In an under developed financial environment the instrument of monetary management are largely limited of direct measure which set monetary and credit targets ate desired level. The major direct control measures is direct interest regulation however quantitative ceiling or overall credit operation is also used.

The instrument of monetary policy are applied in the achievement of various objective. However all such objective are in consonance with the  board objective of  he first national rolling plan 1990-1992 which are the consolidation of the achievement made so far in the implementation of the structural adjustment programme (SAP).  The plan is also to deed with pressing problem of inflation particularly manufacturing and the inadequate availability of foreign exchange with the aim of achieving higher level of overall capacity utilization.  It hopes also to address the issue of low growth of non-oil exports other socio economic problem to be addressed by the plan include the high growth rate of population threats to the environment an the manager of  anti-social behavious such as armed robbery.

These broad objective can be broken down to more direct objective namely. A high level of employment price  stability a sustainable level of economic growth effectiveness of monetary policy measures against which background of objective they were formulated has raised  serious doubts as to the continuous use of these policy measures.

It is in the light of the above theoretical background that the author/ writer wishes to carry out a study of monetary policy measures as an instrument of  economic stabilization.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM  

Over the years so may instrument of monetary policy have been in vogue not only to gear up the level of investment but to cheek the perennial problems of unemployment prices level instability lack of sustainable economic growth balance of payment disequilibria imbruing to mobilize domestic saving a out put these level consistently and persistently done severe damage to the Nigeria economy but most strikingly these problem have continued  to plagues the economy unabated.

It is against this background that the problems of this study have been identified and they are as follow.

i. Are monetary policy measures effective as instrument of economic stabilization?

ii. Have there been any significant variation in the use of monetary policy to achieve desired objective and what has been the outcome 

iii. Is the implementation of monetary policy ideal

iv. Could there by any remedy  to these problem and family.

v. Are there conduits or relationship between monetary policy and fiscal policy measures 

1.3   OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY  

In many parts of the world the objective of  monetary policy today have transcended the traditional function of maintaining a stable exchange rate and avoiding business cycles.   Explicitly government seek to use monetary policy as an aid in the growth of output income and employment maintenance of stable domestic prices level ands the strengthening of payment Nigeria monetary police since independence has been geed towards the following objective of this project which involve the following.

i. To prevent and analysis the various monetary objective and instrument for the period.

ii. To demonstrate the general trend in monetary policy as a tool achieving economic stabilization in Nigeria.

iii. To ascertain the level of successes of policy measures against desired objective.

iv. To identify the factor that trend to hinder the full attainment of the desire objective

To recommend the appropriate policy measures for the achievement of specific objective as well as recommend solutions to problem that hinder the full attainment of such objectives.                  

1.4    RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 

Hypotheses are testable tentative and problem explanation of the relationship between two or more variable the credit a state of affairs of phenomenon.  It may be reviewed as a conjectural proposition an informed intelligent guess about the solution to a  problem the researcher therefore deemed it necessary to establish the following hypotheses that.

1. Ho: A reduction in money supply has led to a current account surplus 

in the balance of payment       

Hi: A reduction in money supply has not  led to a current account surplus in the balance of payment    

2. Ho: Increase in net domestic credit has led to an increase in GDP 

growth rate

Hi:Increase in net domestic credit has not  led to an increase in GDP 

growth arte   

1.5     SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY  

This study should be of immense importance to all the financial studies student. The accounting student need this study for their continuous learning while other department need  it for the understanding of monetary policy. It can also be of invaluable use to the following.

i. To the student it will provide a complement to the few existing texts on monetary policy and economic stabilization.

ii. To researcher it will serves as a valuable sources of data.

iii. To the policy maker it highlights the mechanism for the operation of monetary policy against achieving set goal and objective it also analyze and suggest solution to the problem facing the full implement to monetary policy measures.

iv. To the investors it serves as a guideline o the effect of monetary policy on various sector of the economy in which their funds can be invested and finally.

v. The study of monetary policy helps the bankers in analyzing the effect of government action on their activities and whether these action are on the whole favourable.            

    1.5 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY  

The limitation of this study can be emphasized by the following:

Measurement of economic stability  it show where one economic indicator may fall within the deal range because of the result of the fact while other do not. It become difficult to say  accurately and conclusively that he economy is stable.

The restriction of data pertaining to certain sector of the economy. It therefore become difficult to assess the impact of monetary policy on such sector.

i. The erratic nature of government in Nigeria there is a great deal of instability in government therefore economic policy of which monetary policy is one is never stable.  It makes the implementation of monetary policy faulty  because it keep changing with the advent of each new government.

ii. The mobility of the monetary authority to provide adequate statistics on the performance of monetary policy measure adopted by them.  this is largely due to the problems of ulegal actions of the citizen who attempt to thwart the efforts of the  monetary          

1.6   DEFINITION OF TERMS  

Economic stabilization: It is the maintenance of a relatively stable and favouarble level for all the economic indicators.

Macro- economic: It is the branch of economic that deals with the study of the economy as a whole. It studies to the problem.

Monetary policy: The combination of measure designed to regulate the supply of money to an economy.

Money stock: The amount of money in circulation at any profit in time  This is variable and could be affected.

Reserve money: It is the amount of funds a bank is required to maintain in the vaults.

Reserve ratio: Its ratio of the deposit that the banks are required to maintain  with the central  bank.

Discount rate: It is the rate at which the central bank lends money to commercial banks discount house or other  financial institution.

REFERENCES 

Ahmed A “Indirect monetary Control in Nigeria Problem and prospects’ being 

a speech delivered at the annual dinner of chartered institute of bankers of Nigeria on 2nd December 1991 and published on CBN bullion volume 16 No1January March 1992     

Anyato M “Public finance is a developing economy’ the Nigeria case B and F 

publication UHJNEC 1996  

Chief B. Falegan pedesignign Niegria’s financial system university press Ltd 

Ibadan 1987 

Odozi V.A “Current monetary and banking policies in Nigeria and prospects in 

the third republic” La paper presented at a seminar organized by the Nigerian economic society Lagos chapter on 5th December 1992    

Ojo M.O “ problem of monetary management in Nigeria and prospects under a 

deregulated financial environment’ A paper presented at the national conference Pm financial system and Nigeria economic recovery organized by he department of economic Ahmadu Bello university Zaria on 7th June 1993.   

Oko B. A “ The Origin development and future prospect of government 

securities trade my in Nigeria” CBN economic and financial review vol. 30 No 2 June 1999  

.


TYPE IN YOUR TOPIC AND CLICK SEARCH.






RESEARCHWAP.COM

Researchwap.com is an online repository for free project topics and research materials, articles and custom writing of research works. We’re an online resource centre that provides a vast database for students to access numerous research project topics and materials. Researchwap.com guides and assist Postgraduate, Undergraduate and Final Year Students with well researched and quality project topics, topic ideas, research guides and project materials. We’re reliable and trustworthy, and we really understand what is called “time factor”, that is why we’ve simplified the process so that students can get their research projects ready on time. Our platform provides more educational services, such as hiring a writer, research analysis, and software for computer science research and we also seriously adhere to a timely delivery.

TESTIMONIES FROM OUR CLIENTS


Please feel free to carefully review some written and captured responses from our satisfied clients.

  • "Exceptionally outstanding. Highly recommend for all who wish to have effective and excellent project defence. Easily Accessable, Affordable, Effective and effective."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I saw this website on facebook page and I did not even bother since I was in a hurry to complete my project. But I am totally amazed that when I visited the website and saw the topic I was looking for and I decided to give a try and now I have received it within an hour after ordering the material. Am grateful guys!"

    Hilary Yusuf, United States International University Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
  • "Researchwap.com is a website I recommend to all student and researchers within and outside the country. The web owners are doing great job and I appreciate them for that. Once again, thank you very much "researchwap.com" and God bless you and your business! ."

    Debby Henry George, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
  • "I love what you guys are doing, your material guided me well through my research. Thank you for helping me achieve academic success."

    Sampson, University of Nigeria, Nsukka.
  • "researchwap.com is God-sent! I got good grades in my seminar and project with the help of your service, thank you soooooo much."

    Cynthia, Akwa Ibom State University .
  • "Great User Experience, Nice flows and Superb functionalities.The app is indeed a great tech innovation for greasing the wheels of final year, research and other pedagogical related project works. A trial would definitely convince you."

    Lamilare Valentine, Kwame Nkrumah University, Kumasi, Ghana.
  • "Sorry, it was in my spam folder all along, I should have looked it up properly first. Please keep up the good work, your team is quite commited. Am grateful...I will certainly refer my friends too."

    Elizabeth, Obafemi Awolowo University
  • "Am happy the defense went well, thanks to your articles. I may not be able to express how grateful I am for all your assistance, but on my honour, I owe you guys a good number of referrals. Thank you once again."

    Ali Olanrewaju, Lagos State University.
  • "My Dear Researchwap, initially I never believed one can actually do honest business transactions with Nigerians online until i stumbled into your website. You have broken a new legacy of record as far as am concerned. Keep up the good work!"

    Willie Ekereobong, University of Port Harcourt.
  • "WOW, SO IT'S TRUE??!! I can't believe I got this quality work for just 3k...I thought it was scam ooo. I wouldn't mind if it goes for over 5k, its worth it. Thank you!"

    Theressa, Igbinedion University.
  • "I did not see my project topic on your website so I decided to call your customer care number, the attention I got was epic! I got help from the beginning to the end of my project in just 3 days, they even taught me how to defend my project and I got a 'B' at the end. Thank you so much researchwap.com, infact, I owe my graduating well today to you guys...."

    Joseph, Abia state Polytechnic.
  • "My friend told me about ResearchWap website, I doubted her until I saw her receive her full project in less than 15 miniutes, I tried mine too and got it same, right now, am telling everyone in my school about researchwap.com, no one has to suffer any more writing their project. Thank you for making life easy for me and my fellow students... Keep up the good work"

    Christiana, Landmark University .
  • "I wish I knew you guys when I wrote my first degree project, it took so much time and effort then. Now, with just a click of a button, I got my complete project in less than 15 minutes. You guys are too amazing!."

    Musa, Federal University of Technology Minna
  • "I was scared at first when I saw your website but I decided to risk my last 3k and surprisingly I got my complete project in my email box instantly. This is so nice!!!."

    Ali Obafemi, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Niger State.
  • To contribute to our success story, send us a feedback or please kindly call 2348037664978.
    Then your comment and contact will be published here also with your consent.

    Thank you for choosing researchwap.com.